2013年1月21日 星期一

tips. basic grid

How to design quick basic grid:


  1. 決定紙張/顯示區域的大小
  2. 選擇字型:display & body text
  3. 將留白的部份放在邊緣
  4. 側邊界最少 12.7mm,19mm最理想,25mm算優雅,除非情況特殊,超過25mm有點浪費空間
  5. 上下邊界大於側邊界,下邊界大於上邊界
  6. 大量閱讀時,11pt or 12pt 為佳
  7. 長串文字的 leading (上下行距)最少為 body size的 10%,某些字需要更多
  8. 欄寬由 typesize 決定,若一欄內多於 65 characters,要去加寬 margin 和 gutter
  9. 讓 baseline grid 恰是 bodytext (line-space) size,將所有的文字與插圖與 baseline grid 對齊
  10. 將真實的文字填入後,離螢幕一段距離觀察這一頁的 "gray appearance",太黑時可考慮增加 leading,但通常需要在邊界增加留白
  11. 以對頁 (spreads) 的方式進行工作,這樣才能模擬讀者看到的情況;即使是封面,也要想想讀者翻過來看封底的情境
  12. 四邊最少留3mm的出血(bleeds),如果懷疑的話可以留 6mm
  13. 多欄文字時,寬的欄看起來較重要,窄的欄看起來較緊急,選字形的時候要小心不與前面這種第一印象衝突。若需要的話,可在一頁上混搭不同的欄寬。
  14. 頁碼或其他次要因素於此階段可加入考慮,此時可小心地排列以達到設計上的平衡


line-space = typesize + leading

平面設計中最簡單也最有力的觀念就是:所有的文字與插圖都最小的 line-space 鎖在一起,先定好最小的,再讓其他元素跟著變動。"built upwards from the line-space of the smallest typeface to be used in the design

display 的 line-space 應是最小 line-space 的倍數,最小的 line-space 也應是最小的欄間留白(inter-column spacing, gutter),若覺得欄間留白太窄,可酌量加寬。其他display的 inline-spaces應為最小inline-space的整數倍。

minimum line-space = minimum inter-column spacing

mind set:
 grid system 即是以 minimum line-space 為基數的方格紙,minimum line-space 需依照選用的字型變換 leading 決定,無固定公式。通常與最小的可讀文字段落有關,註解可視情況另外考慮。

illustrator:
Object/ Path/ Split into grid


reference: http://www.amazon.co.uk/Grids-Structure-Graphic-Design-Pro-graphics/dp/2880462770



2013年1月18日 星期五

The Chair: Design Diversity and the Nature of Connections



"The connections, the connections. It will in the end be these details that gave the product its life."

"Eventually everything connects - people, ideas, objects, etc., ...the quality of the connections is the key to quality per se."


...Charles and Ray Eames

The concept of connections is intrinsic to design and nowhere more so than in the design of chairs. No other type of furniture offers the possibilities of making and facilitating connections in the same way or to the same extent. Because of this, more effort and more resource have been invested in the creation of chairs by more people over a longer period of time than any other type of furniture. Indeed, apart from possibly the automobile, the chair is the most designed studied written about and celebrated artifact of the modern era.

The success of a particular chair has always depended on the quality and range of the connections it makes, or which the designer is able to make through it, while addressing a specific need.



Persona



  1. Persona 彼此間越不同越好(diverse)。
  2. Persona 之間的差異應建立在深層的人格特質上,即 what people do (actions or projected actions) and why people do them (goals and motivations)。任何 Persona 最重要的元素,都是「藉由民族誌研究與分析所獲得的行為模式 (behavior patterns)」以及「從這些行為模式衍生的目標」。
  3. 人口統計變數 (demographics) 是 diversify persona 的一種可能依據,但並非絕對,因年齡、性別、收入等,確實有許多機會造成行為與動機上的改變。
  4. 引述 (quote) 使用者自己說的話,可讓 persona的形象更為鮮明。
  5. 對大部分的專案而言,Persona 的數量應介於 1~7人之間,超過會造成區分與設計整合上的困難。Persona的數量若想含括所有可能的使用者,反而容易失焦,無法專注於設計核心行為。
  6. 設定好Persona之後,為每個角色找一張看得到臉的人物照,可以為關於這些角色的敘述注入生命,讓他們更容易被記住,同時也能讓設計師與利益關係人感受到Persona的真實性,並對該角色更有共鳴。
  7. 若不被設計師放入 Scenario 內,檢驗服務或產品的合適性與實用性,純粹的Persona 本身是無用的。
  8. 設計師與企業都可利用 Persona 來設定優先順序,產品主要使用者的Persona未必能為企業帶來最多的利潤,其他的 Persona 可能會讓企業賺更多錢。Persona 因此可用來作策略決定。

Alan Cooper developed a powerful design method: meet the persona's top goals with the product by designing for their behaviors, and the design is much more likely to be successful

persona goals into three types: 
  1. Experience goals, which describe how users wish to feel (or not to feel) when using a product; 
  2. End goals, which describe what users actually want or need to accomplish with a product to meet their expectations; 
  3. Life goals, which describe the broader aspirations of the persona in relation to the product, and thus help describe what the product means to the persona.
It's this focus on goals and behavior patterns, combined with a scenario-based method of translating these requirements into design solutions, that makes Cooper's personas so unique and powerful.